ASGE Annual GI Advanced Practice Provider Course - Day Two (On-Demand) | April 2022-18_Evaluation of Patient with Dysphagia

18_Evaluation of Patient with Dysphagia - Martin Myburgh

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This document provides an evaluation of patients with dysphagia, focusing on defining dysphagia, categorizing different types, describing the etiologies, and discussing the workup and treatment options. Dysphagia is characterized by difficulty swallowing and may or may not be accompanied by pain (odynophagia) or the feeling of a lump in the throat (globus). It can be categorized as oropharyngeal dysphagia, which involves dysfunction of bolus transfer, or esophageal dysphagia, which involves dysfunction of bolus transit. Mechanical obstruction and dysmotility are the primary causes of dysphagia. Mechanical obstruction can be diagnosed by asking the patient, performing endoscopy, or conducting an esophagogram. Some sources of mechanical obstruction include foreign body impaction, diverticula, and strictures. Dysmotility can be assessed using various tests such as modified barium swallow, endoscopy with biopsy, barium esophagogram, esophageal manometry, and impedance planimetry. Common causes of dysmotility include GERD, eosinophilic esophagitis, scleroderma, and achalasia. Treatment options for obstructive dysphagia include disimpaction, dilation, surgery, or diverticulectomy. Dysmotility-related dysphagia can be managed with lifestyle modifications, medications, or surgical interventions like myotomy or pneumatic dilation. In summary, dysphagia is evaluated based on its type and underlying cause, and treatment approaches vary accordingly.

Keywords

dysphagia

evaluation

types

etiologies

treatment options

mechanical obstruction

dysmotility

foreign body impaction

GERD

achalasia