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The document discusses various aspects of the small intestine in relation to gastrointestinal diseases. It begins by stating that diarrhea can occur as a result of a disorder in the small intestine. The document then asks a question about the type of endoscope that can be used to view the small intestine, with the options being a gastroscope, enteroscope, or colonoscope.<br /><br />Next, the document provides an outline of different diseases and conditions related to the small intestine, including celiac sprue, obscure GI bleeding, small bowel obstruction, and mesenteric ischemia.<br /><br />It goes on to explain that celiac sprue is an autoimmune disease of the small intestine caused by exposure to gluten. The symptoms of this condition include fatigue, anemia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, malabsorption, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves serologic testing and endoscopic biopsies of the small bowel.<br /><br />Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is described as bleeding from the GI tract that persists or occurs without an obvious cause. The document mentions that capsule endoscopy, in which a disposable miniature camera is swallowed to visualize the small intestine, is one method of evaluation.<br /><br />Small bowel obstruction is defined as a mechanical or functional obstruction of the small intestine that prevents normal digestion. Symptoms include abdominal pain, distension, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Diagnosis involves abdominal x-rays and CT scans, and treatment may require surgery.<br /><br />Lastly, the document explains that mesenteric ischemia refers to inflammation and injury of the small intestine due to inadequate blood supply. This can occur acutely from a blood clot or chronically due to atherosclerosis. Diagnosis involves imaging techniques such as angiography or CT angiography, and treatment may involve surgery.<br /><br />Overall, the document provides a brief overview of various disorders and conditions related to the small intestine, including their symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Asset Subtitle

Ayo Abegunde, MD, MSc, MRCGP, FACP

Keywords

small intestine

gastrointestinal diseases

diarrhea

endoscope

celiac sprue

obscure GI bleeding

small bowel obstruction

mesenteric ischemia

capsule endoscopy

blood clot