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10_GI Tract in Disease_Large Intestine_IBD_IBS

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This document discusses gastrointestinal tract diseases, specifically focusing on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC), microscopic colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).<br /><br />IBD, which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the digestive tract, while ulcerative colitis affects the colon. Symptoms of Crohn’s disease include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical, radiographic, endoscopic, and pathologic findings. Treatment options include medications such as antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologic agents, as well as surgical interventions.<br /><br />UC is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the colon. Symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis is made through colonoscopy, which reveals ulcerations and pseudopolyps. Treatment options range from medications to surgical interventions, depending on the severity of the disease.<br /><br />Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory condition of the colon characterized by chronic watery diarrhea, normal colonoscopy findings, and microscopic evidence of inflammation. Treatment options include anti-diarrheal medications and advanced therapies such as biologics.<br /><br />IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain or discomfort and changes in bowel habits. It affects about 15% of the US population, with women being more commonly affected. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria known as the ROME IV criteria. Treatment options include lifestyle modifications, symptom-specific medications, and alternative therapies such as hypnotherapy and stress management.<br /><br />Overall, these gastrointestinal tract diseases have varying symptoms, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options. It is important for healthcare professionals to consider these factors when managing patients with gastrointestinal disorders.

Keywords

gastrointestinal tract diseases

inflammatory bowel disease

ulcerative colitis

microscopic colitis

irritable bowel syndrome

Crohn's disease

abdominal pain

diarrhea

colonoscopy

treatment options