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5_Tools of the Gastroenterologist

Pdf Summary

This document provides an introduction to GI endoscopy and discusses the tools and procedures used in upper endoscopy, colonoscopy, ERCP, and EUS. Upper endoscopy involves the examination of the upper GI tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. It is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as abdominal pain, GERD, dysphagia, and bleeding. Colonoscopy is used to examine the colon and terminal ileum and is indicated for screening and surveillance of colorectal cancer, as well as the diagnosis of abdominal discomfort, bleeding, and inflammatory bowel disease. Various accessories and tools are used in endoscopy, including biopsy forceps, polypectomy snares, retrieval baskets and nets, injection needles, clips, electrocautery probes, and band ligators. These tools are used for tasks such as obtaining biopsies, removing polyps, injecting medication, stopping bleeding, and banding esophageal varices. ERCP is an endoscopic examination of the bile ducts and pancreas, which may involve stone removal, stricture dilation, stent placement, and biopsy. EUS combines endoscopy with ultrasound capability and is used for diagnosing and staging cancer, fine needle aspirations, evaluating submucosal lesions, and drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts. The document also describes the different scopes used in EUS, including radial and linear scopes. Overall, the document provides a basic understanding of GI endoscopy and the tools and procedures involved.

Keywords

GI endoscopy

upper endoscopy

colonoscopy

ERCP

EUS

biopsy forceps

polypectomy snares

injection needles

bile ducts

pancreas