ASGE Recognized Industry Associate (ARIA) Training Program OPEN | October 2024-10_GI Tract in Disease_Large Intestine_IBD

10_GI Tract in Disease_Large Intestine_IBD_IBS

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This document outlines the characteristics, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for various conditions affecting the large intestine, specifically focusing on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).<br /><br />**Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)** consists of two main types:<br /><br />1. **Crohn's Disease:**<br />   - **Symptoms:** Abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, fever, and perianal disease.<br />   - **Diagnosis:** Relies on clinical, radiographic, endoscopic, and pathologic findings including colonoscopy showing “cobblestone” mucosa.<br />   - **Treatment:** Goals include improving quality of life and maintaining remission through surgical options like bowel resection, and medical options like antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics.<br /><br />2. **Ulcerative Colitis (UC):**<br />   - **Symptoms:** Bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, anemia, fever, and tenesmus.<br />   - **Diagnosis:** Colonoscopy reveals ulcerations and red, friable mucosa.<br />   - **Treatment:** Use of topical and oral aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and biologics; surgery is considered in severe cases.<br /><br />**Microscopic Colitis** is another inflammatory condition marked by chronic, watery diarrhea with normal colonoscopy findings. Treatment includes anti-diarrheals and corticosteroids.<br /><br />**Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)** is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It's prevalent in 15% of Americans, particularly women.<br /><br />- **Subtypes:** IBS-D (diarrhea predominant), IBS-C (constipation predominant), and IBS-M (mixed).<br />- **Diagnosis:** Based on ROME IV Criteria, focusing on recurrent abdominal pain linked to defecation and changes in stool frequency/form.<br />- **Causes:** Include psychosocial factors, infections, and visceral hypersensitivity.<br />- **Treatment:** Involves lifestyle modifications, symptom-specific drugs, and alternative therapies like stress management and hypnotherapy.<br /><br />The document serves as a comprehensive guide to understanding these gastrointestinal conditions, emphasizing the importance of tailored treatment strategies.

Keywords

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Crohn's Disease

Ulcerative Colitis

Microscopic Colitis

Colonoscopy

Symptoms

Diagnosis

Treatment

Gastrointestinal