ASGE Recognized Industry Associate (ARIA) Training Program OPEN | October 2024-7_GI Tract In Disease

7_GI Tract In Disease_Small Intestine.update

Pdf Summary

The document is an outline addressing conditions related to the small intestine within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract: Celiac Disease, Obscure GI Bleeding, Small Bowel Obstruction (SBO), and Mesenteric Ischemia.<br /><br />**Celiac Disease:** It's an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, a protein in wheat, barley, and rye. Upon gluten exposure, the immune system damages the small intestine. Symptoms vary, including fatigue, anemia, abdominal pain, and malabsorption. Diagnosis typically involves serologic testing for antibodies like tissue transglutaminase and endoscopic biopsies. Treatment involves strict avoidance of gluten.<br /><br />**Obscure GI Bleeding:** This occurs without an obvious source even after endoscopy and is a cause of 10% of GI bleeding, primarily in the small intestine. Causes include Meckel's diverticulum, Crohn's disease, and tumors. Evaluation methods include capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy, with the latter using techniques like double-balloon enteroscopy. Treatment hinges on bleeding etiology and severity.<br /><br />**Small Bowel Obstruction (SBO):** This can be a mechanical or functional blockage preventing normal digestion. It's considered a medical emergency. Common causes are adhesions, hernias, tumors, and strictures. Diagnosis may involve X-rays and CT scans to detect dilated bowel segments. Treatment can include nasogastric tubes, electrolyte correction, and surgery.<br /><br />**Mesenteric Ischemia:** This condition involves inflammation and injury from insufficient blood supply to the intestine. It can be acute, often caused by a blood clot, or chronic, typically associated with atherosclerosis. Acute instances present severe abdominal pain; whereas, chronic ones manifest post-prandial pain and fear of eating. Diagnosis is made through imaging techniques, and treatment could be angiography or surgery.

Keywords

Celiac Disease

Obscure GI Bleeding

Small Bowel Obstruction

Mesenteric Ischemia

autoimmune disorder

capsule endoscopy

nasogastric tubes

gluten sensitivity

intestinal blockage

blood supply insufficiency