ASGE Recognized Industry Associate (ARIA) Training Program OPEN | October 2025-03 2025 October 9 Open ARIA Presentation 2 Kajali Mishra Gastrointestinal Tract in Health Esophagus and Stomach

03 2025 October 9 Open ARIA Presentation 2 Kajali Mishra Gastrointestinal Tract in Health Esophagus and Stomach

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The speaker from Johns Trigger Hospital outlines the anatomy and physiology of the esophagus and stomach in digestion. She explains digestion as both mechanical—chewing (mastication), peristalsis (propulsion), and segmentation (mixing)—and chemical through secretions like saliva, stomach acid, pancreatic enzymes, and bile. The esophagus is a muscle-lined tube that moves the food bolus to the stomach, lined by durable stratified squamous epithelium to protect against damage, with skeletal muscle in its upper third and smooth muscle below allowing voluntary and involuntary control. The gastroesophageal junction is critical for preventing reflux. The stomach, mainly a J-shaped reservoir with three muscle layers, churns food and produces acid via parietal cells, regulated by histamine, gastrin, and feedback mechanisms. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) block acid production and have revolutionized ulcer treatment, though monitoring for side effects is recommended. Overall, coordinated motility and secretion are essential for efficient digestion and nutrient absorption.

Keywords

esophagus anatomy

stomach physiology

digestion process

mechanical digestion

chemical digestion

proton pump inhibitors