ASGE Recognized Industry Associate (ARIA) Training Program for Sanofi | June 2022-GI Tract in Health

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The document provides information about the esophagus and stomach in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It states that seven liters of fluid are secreted by the GI tract each day, which contains ions, digestive enzymes, mucus, and bile. The salivary glands, pancreas, and liver contribute to the secretion of these fluids. The GI tract contraction occurs through peristalsis and segmentation, which help in mixing food and ensuring proper absorption. Factors like a shorter esophagus, small capacity, and lack of gravity contribute to regurgitation in infants. The esophagus is made up of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, circular muscle, and longitudinal muscle. It has a stratified squamous epithelium without keratin and contains both striated and smooth muscles. The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) acts as a barrier against gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and undergoes transient relaxations that can cause reflux. The stomach is divided into four sections: cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus. Rugae are folds in the stomach that allow for expansion. The stomach has five layers: mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa. Acid secretion in the stomach is initiated by food and involves the release of gastrin, histamine, and somatostatin. Gastric acid aids in digestion and stimulates pancreatic secretions.

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Jenifer R. Lightdale, MD, MPH

Keywords

esophagus

stomach

gastrointestinal tract

fluid secretion

peristalsis

regurgitation

lower esophageal sphincter

stomach sections

acid secretion

pancreatic secretions