First Year Fellows Endoscopy Course (Aug 4-5) | 2024-8-Upper GI Bleeding

8-Upper GI Bleeding_2024

Pdf Summary

The document emphasizes the management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, a significant medical issue with high mortality rates and frequent hospital admissions. Endoscopy is crucial in both diagnosis and treatment, with various hemostatic techniques available. Guidelines recommend early endoscopy, within 24 hours, for most cases of acute bleeding. Risk stratification tools such as Glasgow Blatchford score aid in determining the need for intervention and predicting outcomes. Acid suppression pre- and post-endoscopy is discussed, with recommendations for different scenarios. Warfarin reversal protocols, prophylactic measures like intubation, and tips for optimizing endoscopic visualization are outlined. The document also covers specific scenarios and cases, such as suspected variceal bleeding and ulcer management. Various endoscopic therapeutic options are mentioned, including injections, thermal probes, hemoclips, and combination therapies. It highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and possible repeat endoscopy for rebleeding cases. In conclusion, the optimal management of upper GI bleeding involves a multidisciplinary approach, comprising prompt assessment, risk assessment, appropriate medication use, and effective endoscopic interventions to achieve better patient outcomes.

Keywords

upper gastrointestinal bleeding

endoscopy

hemostatic techniques

Glasgow Blatchford score

acid suppression

Warfarin reversal protocols

intubation

endoscopic visualization

variceal bleeding

ulcer management