Masterclass: EndoQuest - Endoscopy in the GI Unit (On-demand) | September 2025-ERCP Made Easy: Mastering Tools and Techniques for Success

Pdf Summary

This presentation by Dr. Kal Patel focuses on mastering endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) techniques, emphasizing the challenges and key procedural steps for success.<br /><br />ERCP is technically difficult because the operator's hands are distant from the tool tip, visualization of tools and ducts is limited, and anatomy involves flexible instruments navigating rigid ducts. The procedure is performed for various indications including removal of bile duct stones, evaluating and relieving bile or pancreatic duct obstructions, treating leaks, investigating ductal dilations, managing sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and more.<br /><br />Preparation involves ensuring patient consent, fasting, antibiotic prophylaxis, appropriate anticoagulation management, and availability of necessary supplies like contrast media, glucagon, indomethacin, and radiation shielding. Anesthesia type, patient positioning (supine vs. prone), electrosurgical unit settings, and fluoroscopy setup must be optimized.<br /><br />Cannulation techniques depend on anatomy—using sphincterotomes, cannulas, balloons, and double wire strategies. Guidewires vary in length, diameter, stiffness, tip shape, and coating, each chosen based on the clinical scenario. Proper wire handling—keeping wires straight, untangled, and adequately tensioned—is crucial for safe device exchanges and advancement.<br /><br />Injection of contrast must be tailored for stricture vs stone identification, paying close attention to ductal anatomy. Sphincterotomy requires proper grounding and equipment settings.<br /><br />Stone extraction techniques emphasize use of large extraction balloons, sphincteroplasty, and electrohydraulic lithotripsy with patience and multiple probes when needed. Difficult stones often relate to size, strictures, or embedding in the duct wall. Stenting between sessions is common, with no clear superiority of metal vs plastic.<br /><br />Stricture assessment involves multimodal tissue sampling including brush cytology, forceps biopsy, bile aspirate, and cholangioscopy with consideration of order and methods like FISH.<br /><br />Stent placement decisions are based on clinical need, drainage required, diagnosis, procedural difficulty, and potential bleeding risks. Device selection (plastic vs metal, length and diameter) also matters.<br /><br />General tips include staying organized, retaining all devices, keeping wires moist, flushing catheters when sticky, planning ahead by obtaining extra supplies, and mastery of coiling wires.<br /><br />Overall, successful ERCP demands comprehensive preparation, meticulous technique, multiple complementary approaches, continuous visualization, and teamwork education for procedural efficiency and safety.

Asset Subtitle

Kal Patel, M.D.

Keywords

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

ERCP techniques

Cannulation methods

Guidewire management

Stone extraction

Sphincterotomy

Stricture assessment

Stent placement

Patient preparation

Fluoroscopy setup